Understanding multiple systems atrophy (MSA)

Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative condition affecting adults. As the condition progresses, parts of the brain shrink and atrophy (die), impacting both the central and autonomic nervous systems. The central nervous system is responsible for emotion, speech, voluntary movement, and processing of information. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for processes in the body which are involuntary like breathing, bladder control and blood pressure.

It is estimated that approximately 2,500 people living with MSA in Australia. Adults typically begin to show symptoms between the ages of 50 and 60.

MSA cannot be cured, therefore early intervention and support is vital. At MSWA we aim to work with you, your family, medical team and allied health team to provide the best possible support as you navigate your diagnosis.

Symptoms of multiple systems atrophy (MSA)

Diagnosing MSA can be a lengthy process, often taking years. This is partly because some symptoms present similarly to Parkinson’s, which can lead to a misdiagnosis. There are two known types of MSA.

MSA-P (Parkinsonism type)

Motor symptoms resemble Parkinson’s disease, including:

Bradykinesia (slowness of movement).
Muscle rigidity.
Postural instability (balance difficulties).
Tremors, though typically less pronounced than in Parkinson’s.

Autonomic dysfunction is common and may include:

Orthostatic hypotension (drop in blood pressure when standing).
Urinary incontinence.
Digestive irregularities.

MSA- C (Cerebellar type)

Symptoms are primarily related to cerebellar dysfunction, affecting coordination and balance:

Ataxia (unsteady gait and poor coordination).
Scanning dysarthria (slow and slurred speech).
Oculomotor abnormalities (eye movement issues).
Limb tremors and difficulty with fine motor tasks.

Autonomic symptoms are also present, similar to MSA-P.

Causes of multiple systems atrophy (MSA)

There is currently no known cause for the brain and nerve damage that leads to the symptoms of MSA. Research in this area is ongoing.

Living with MSA - what happens next?

Building a strong support system, including medical and allied health care team is essential.

At MSWA we offer wraparound services to support you on your journey.

We offer:

Speech pathology: To assist with changes to swallowing and communication.
Dietetics: To support hydration, nutrition and support changes to your gut health (e.g. constipation).
Physiotherapy: To maintain movement and support strength and balance.
Occupational therapy: To help you continue to access places, activities and tasks that you love.
Neurological nursing: To help manage changes in your condition and provide advice around symptoms such as incontinence (see our Continence Clinics).
Counselling: To support you and your family mentally as your condition progresses.
MSWA Community: Outreach is a connection point that allows you to meet like-minded people and connect over a coffee and activities.

You are always welcome at one of our MSWA Services Centre or you can access our services in home.

For more information to see how we can best help you and to contact us, visit our Get Support page. Alternatively, call us on 1300 097 989 (metropolitan WA) or 1800 287 367 (regional WA).

Additional resources and support

Other helpful resources on MSA:

Other sources to reference

Information on this webpage was partially obtained from the below official resources:

Multiple systems atrophy